That's independence version 1898, when the Spanish colonialists withdrew as a result of their defeat in the so-called Spanish-American War (which was fought over who should own and rule Cuba).
Turn of that century Filipino independence did not last long, however. A US military occupation force soon installed itself. The newly-independent Filipinos rebelled. The result? What is now known as the Philippine-American War (1899-1913), although at the time it was called the Philippine Insurrection. Hundred of thousands of civilians died. Does any of that sound familiar?
Top caption:"Kill every one over ten" - General Jacob H Smith. Bottom caption: "Criminals Because They Were Born Ten Years Before We Took the Philippines" (New York Journal -- May 5, 1902)
The killing continues. The Philippines is, after Iraq, the most dangerous place in the world for journalists. There is also an ongoing, low-level and methodical campaign of murder targeting legal left-wing organisers and activists. Don't believe that? Killing Season in the Philippines: Asia Times
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